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Lincoln Land Institute Report on Duties to Serve

In recent years, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have been required to expand access to affordable housing finance for low- and moderate-income households through the Duty to Serve Program (DTS) that commenced in 2018. The purpose of this paper is to assess progress and to inform external stakeholders; the Enterprises; their regulator, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA); and the Biden Administration on what has worked and what has not worked in the program’s initial three-year planning cycle.